Given a string s of '(' , ')' and lowercase English characters.
Your task is to remove the minimum number of parentheses ( '(' or ')', in any positions ) so that the resulting parentheses string is valid and return any valid string.
Formally, a parentheses string is valid if and only if:
- It is the empty string, contains only lowercase characters, or
- It can be written as
AB(Aconcatenated withB), whereAandBare valid strings, or - It can be written as
(A), whereAis a valid string.
Example 1:
Input: s = "lee(t(c)o)de)"
Output: "lee(t(c)o)de"
Explanation: "lee(t(co)de)" , "lee(t(c)ode)" would also be accepted.
Example 2:
Input: s = "a)b(c)d"
Output: "ab(c)d"
Example 3:
Input: s = "))(("
Output: ""
Explanation: An empty string is also valid.
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 105s[i]is either'(',')', or lowercase English letter.
解题思路:
有效字符串的意味着其中的左括号和右括号一对一匹配的(paired),最终序列中没有多余的括号,所以使用栈或者计数器来统计括号出现是比较好的解法。
题中的Minimum remove非常的让人困惑怀疑题目是否存在某些边界条件,比如说字符串存在多种remove方式都可以获得有效字符串(不考虑同时remove paired括号),其中有一种需要移除的括号数目是最少的。仔细思考后会发现这种情况是不存在的,字符串可能存在多种移除方式,但是这些移除方式所移除的数目都是相同的。
class Solution:
def minRemoveToMakeValid(self, s):
left, right, output = 0, s.count(')'),''
for _chr in s:
if _chr=='(':
if right>0: # 有效左括号
left+=1
right-=1
output+=_chr
elif _chr==')':
if left==0: # 无效右括号
right-=1
else:
left-=1
output+=_chr
else: # 非括号字符
output+=_chr
return output
性能:
执行用时:1456 ms, 在所有 Python 提交中击败了29.47%的用户
内存消耗:14.8 MB, 在所有 Python 提交中击败了94.74%的用户